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hi, nke a bụ CEO athena sitere na ụlọ ọrụ mit-ivy maka kemịkalụ na china.
Ndị nọ n'etiti: Dyestuff intermediates bụ ngalaba dị oke mkpa nke ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ dị mma, na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke ụlọ ọrụ dyestuff na-adabere na mmepe nke etiti ndị na-eso ya.
Emepụtala mmepụta ihe eji esiji ákwà na etiti pigmenti na China kemgbe afọ 1950. Site na asọmpi kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ na-arịwanye elu n'ahịa, agbapụtala dyestuff na intermediates pigmenti na teknụzụ mmepụta ihe; ha enweela ọganihu n'ọtụtụ akụkụ dị ka ịmepụta ụdị ọhụrụ, imeziwanye usoro mmepụta ihe, nyocha ụzọ ọhụrụ, iji ụdị ochie eme ihe, ichekwa gburugburu ebe obibi, wdg, na ịnakwere nkà na ụzụ dị ọcha maka mmepụta ihe ncha na pigmenti etiti.
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Mmepe nke intermediates 'eji

N'ezie, iji mmepe nke etiti dị n'ọtụtụ akụkụ, nke a na-eji na-eme ihe na-edozi ahụ nke a na-akpọ dye intermediates, ma na-eji pesticides, pharmaceuticals na-akpọ pesticides, pharmaceutical intermediates. Ekwesịrị ịtụle ndị etiti dị ka ngalaba nke ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ dị mma n'ozuzu ya, ekwesịghị ịkewa ya n'ụzọ siri ike na intermediates dyestuff, pesticide intermediates, pharmaceutical intermediates site na ụlọ ọrụ, nke ga-ebelata oke ojiji nke ụfọdụ intermediates na-emetụta mmepe ha.

Ezi chemical intermediates nnyocha e ji a dịgasị iche iche nke iche, na mgbakwunye na a ole na ole iche iche nke mmepụta ọnụ ọgụgụ bụ karịsịa nnukwu, ọtụtụ ụdị tonnage adịghị nnọọ nnukwu, ma nkwadebe usoro bụ mgbe mgbagwoju, gụnyere ọtụtụ unit mmeghachi omume na nkewa usoro. , mmepụta mekwara ka ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke "ihe mkpofu atọ" dị mkpa iji dozie nke ọma. Ya mere, anyị kwesịrị itinye aka na nyocha usoro nke ngwaahịa usoro ma hazie mmepụta nke etiti n'ụzọ ezi uche dị na ya iji nweta uru dị mma.

Site na ọnọdụ nke mba ọzọ, nnyocha na mmepụta nke intermediates agbasaghị kwesịrị ekwesị lekwasị iji nweta usoro mmepụta, a set nke mmepụta ngwá nwere ike na-emepụta ọtụtụ ka iri na abuo iche nke intermediates, dị otú ahụ nnyocha na mmepụta site n'ozuzu mmepe, ojiji nke. teknụzụ ọhụrụ dị mfe iji mejuputa, ga-enweta nsonaazụ ugboro abụọ na ọkara mgbalị. Ọnọdụ Japan nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi na anyị kwuru, mbụ mmepụta nke intermediates na Japan bụkwa nnọọ gbasasịa, site na 1960 kemgbe ugboro asaa ịgbanwe, na-elekwasị anya.

Site mgbanwe na mmepe, China si dyeing na pigmenti intermediates ụlọ ọrụ eruwo a elu larịị n'usoro nke mmepụta ọnụ ọgụgụ, nkà na ụzụ na ngwá larịị, nke nwere ike ọ bụghị nanị izute mkpa nke mmepe nke ụlọ dyeing na pigmenti ụlọ ọrụ, ma na-enye ndị ọzọ àgwà intermediates. maka mba ofesi.

A na-enweta akụrụngwa a chọrọ maka njikọ nke intermediates nke sitere na ngwaahịa mmanụ ala na ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ coking, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ benzene, naphthalene, ogige anthraquinone, yana ụfọdụ ogige heterocyclic, yana pigmenti organic a kwadebere na ogige heterocyclic. ịrị elu na-adịbeghị anya. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, phenanthrene, pyridine, oxygen fluorene, quinoline, indole, carbazole, biphenyl usoro nke ogige, ihe ndị a dị mgbagwoju anya na-etinye aka na mmepụta nke agba agba, mgbe ahụ, iji ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe ga-agbasawanye ma na-emekarị.
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Mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka ndị etiti

Nhazi nke akụrụngwa n'ime agba agba (agba) etiti nke mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ ndị a.
(1) mmeghachi omume sulfonation
(2) mmeghachi omume nitration
(3) mmeghachi omume halogenation
(4) Mbelata mmeghachi omume iji kwadebe amino
(5) mmeghachi omume diazotization (na-esochi ya na mmeghachi omume njikọ)
(6) mmeghachi omume ngwakọta alkali iji dochie otu sulfonic acid na hydroxyl
(7) mmeghachi omume acylation
(8) mmeghachi omume oxidation
(9) condensation na carbonation mmeghachi omume
(10) Mmeghachi omume aromatization (karịsịa amino)
(11) mmeghachi omume nnọchi nke hydroxyl na amino dị iche iche
(12) hydroxyl ma ọ bụ amino hydrocarbonation mmeghachi omume
Dị ka usoro nke isi mgbanaka aromatic nke ọma kemịkalụ kemịkalụ, ndị intermediates nwere ike kewaa n'ime aliphatic usoro, benzene usoro, naphthalene usoro, anthraquinone usoro, heterocyclic usoro na oké mgbanaka usoro. Obodo anyị nwere ike ịmepụta ihe karịrị ụdị 400 dị n'etiti dị ka benzene, naphthalene, anthraquinone, heterocyclic na ndị ọzọ na-esiji na pigmenti intermediates, nke nwere ike isi gboo mkpa mmepe nke agba agba na pigmenti ụlọ ọrụ.
Foto
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Isi iche nke usoro benzene

2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, o-nitrochlorobenzene, p-nitrochlorobenzene, p-nitrophenol, N,N-dimethylaniline, p-aminoanisole, p-nitroaniline, o-toluidine, 2-bromo-6-chloro-p-nitroaniline, N- ethylaniline, m-hydroxy-diethylaniline, 2,4-dinitro-6-bromoaniline, om-phenylenediamine, 3,3-dichlorobenzidine, bianisidine, p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid, o- na p-aminoanisole, DSD N-methyl-m-toluidine. . -methyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, -ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine, N-ethyl-cyanoethyl-m-toluidine. m-toluidine, N-ethyl cyanoethyl m-toluidine, N-methylphenyl m-toluidine, p-toluidine, ethoxyaniline, 2-4-dimethylaniline, 4-chloro-3-aminobenzamide, 4-methyl-3-aminobenzamide, 4-methoxy. -3-aminobenzanilide, 4-methoxy-3-amino-N, N-diethylbenzenesulfonamide, 2,4,5-trichloroaniline, m- na para-esters, wdg.
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Naphthalene dị n'etiti etiti dị iche iche

2-naphthol, H-acid, K-acid, 2,3-acid, 2,6-acid, tartaric acid, 6-nitro-1,2,4-acid oxygenate, J-acid, peri-acid, γ- acid, G-nnu, R-nnu, amino K-acid, 2-naphthylamine-1,5-disulfonic acid, 1-naphthol-5-sulfonic acid, 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2R- acid, wdg. Ndị isi ụdị nke anthraquinone dabeere intermediates bụ: anthraquinone, 1-amino anthraquinone, 1,4-diamino anthraquinone, 1,5-dimethyl anthraquinone bromine, 1,5-diamino anthraquinone, 1-amino-5-benzoyl. anthraquinone, 1,5-dihydroxy anthraquinone, 1,8-hydroxy anthraquinone, 1,8-dihydroxy-4,5-diamino anthraquinone, wdg.
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Heterocyclic na oke-ringed isi ụdị

Melamine, barbituric acid, 2-amino-6-nitrobenzothiazole, 2-amino-5,6-dichlorobenzothiazole, 2-amino thiazole, dehydrothio-p-toluidine bisulfonic acid, 3-cyano-4-methyl-6-hydroxy-N- ethylpyridone, 3-formylamino-4-methyl-6-hydroxy-N-ethylpyridone, 4-chloro-1,8-naphthalic anhydride, naphthalenetetracarboxylic anhydride, tetracarboxylic anhydride, wdg.