isi okwu

Mmanụ ụgbọala; Ihe mgbakwunye; Aniline; Chromatography gas;

1. Okwu Mmalite N'ihi mmachi nke ike mmanụ ala na teknụzụ nchacha ụlọ, ngwaahịa mmanụ ndị ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta mgbe niile n'ahịa adịghị enweta ihe dị mkpa, nke na-eme ka ọtụtụ ngwaahịa mmanụ agwakọtara jupụta n'ahịa. A na-agwakọta mmanụ ala agwakọtara agwakọta na mmanụ naphtha aromatic (mmanụ dị mfe) dị ka ihe eji emepụta ihe. Agbanyeghị, n'azụ ọnụ ahịa ihe dị elu na uru kachasị elu, a na-ejikarị ngwakọta aniline eme ihe dị ka ihe mgbakwunye mmanụ ụgbọala na-adịghị ahụkebe. Iji mee ka njikwa mma nke mmanụ ala na ihe mgbakwunye ndị dị otú ahụ mezuo ọkọlọtọ mmanụ ụgbọala mba, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịgbakwunye 1% (oke nkezi) N-methylaniline nwere ike ịbawanye ọnụọgụ octane site na nkeji 2-4 [1]. Agbanyeghị, ihe mgbakwunye aniline nwere ihe egwu nwere ike ibute ngagharị na nchekwa nke ụgbọala, N-methylanilines bụkwa ihe ndị nwere nitrogen, nke ga-eduga na mmụba nke ọdịnaya nitrogen oxides na ikuku ụgbọala, na-akpata mmetụta ọjọọ na gburugburu ebe obibi na ahụike mmadụ. Ihe ndị bụ isi nke ihe mgbakwunye aniline gụnyere aniline, N-methylaniline, o-methylaniline, p-methylaniline, m-methylaniline na N, n-dimethylaniline. Ugbu a, ụzọ ndị a na-akọkarị maka ịchọpụta ihe ndị mejupụtara methylaniline gụnyere naphthalene diethylamine spectrophotometry, gas chromatography-nitrogen chemiluminescence detection, high performance liquid chromatography, wdg. [2-4]. Naphthalene diethylamine spectrophotometry ọdịnala na-egbochi nsonaazụ mkpebi n'ihi mmeghachi omume akụkụ, usoro HPLC na-emetụtakwa site na nnyonye anya nke matrix gasoline.

Usoro nchọpụta chemiluminescence gas chromatograph-nitrogen chọrọ nkwadebe nke ihe nchọpụta chemiluminescence nitrogen dị oke ọnụ nke nwere ike ịchọpụta nitrogen n'ụzọ dị iche iche. Nhazi ọhụrụ nke mba "Gas Chromatography for the Determination of Oxycompounds and aniline Compounds in Gasoline" (nke a na-ebipụtabeghị) nke a na-akọwakwa usoro nyocha site na iji Deans switch na kọlụm polarity abụọ dị iche iche site na iji ihe nchọpụta ọkụ hydrogen ion nkịtị na nke dị ọnụ ala. Maka usoro a, ThermoFisher Scientific ebipụtala akwụkwọ Ngwa (Ndetu Ngwa C GC-50). Dịka ihe dị mfe, akwụkwọ a na-ewebata usoro kọlụm otu ngwa ngwa dabere na ọkọlọtọ mpaghara DB37/T-2650 nke Shandong Province wepụtara na 2015 [5]. Nsonaazụ ya na-egosi na usoro a dị mfe iji rụọ ọrụ, yana ezigbo mmegharị na izi ezi dị elu. N'otu oge ahụ, e mere ka usoro ahụ ka mma iji dozie nsogbu nke nnyonye anya nke nha aniline site na nhazi matrix gasoline.

2. Nkọwa nke ụkpụrụ nke usoro a Na kọlụm polar polyethylene glycol (PEG), e kewapụrụ ihe ndị dị na mmanụ ụgbọala na matrix mmanụ ụgbọala, e jikwa acetophenone mee ihe dị ka ọkọlọtọ dị n'ime. E jiri gas chromatograph nke nwere ihe nchọpụta ionization ọkụ (FID) chọpụta ihe dị n'ime aniline, N-methylaniline, o-methylaniline, p-methylaniline, m-toluidine na N, n-dimethylaniline dị na mmanụ ụgbọala, a gbakọọkwa mkpokọta nke ihe ọ bụla site na ntụnyere na ọkọlọtọ dị n'ime.

3. Ngwa egwu

3.1 Trace 1300E Gas Chromatograph nwere shunt/non-shunt inlet,

AS1310 akpaka ihe nlele, ihe nchọpụta ionization ọkụ (FID);

3.2 Ngwanrọ Chameleon

3.3 Microsyringe: ikike ya bụ 10uL.

4. Ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dịghachi ndụ na ihe ndị ọzọ

4.1 Ogidi: Ogidi Polar, TG-Wax, ogologo kọlụm 60m,

Dayameta dị n'ime 0.25mm, ọkpụrụkpụ ihe nkiri mmiri mmiri 0.25μm

4.2 Ọ gwụla ma akọwapụtara ya ọzọ, ihe ndị e ji mee ihe n'ụzọ a dị ọcha ma kwe omume n'ihe gbasara nyocha.

Jiri ihe ndị ọzọ dị ọcha karịa mee ihe.

Ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị nro (reagents) dị maka ebumnuche dị mma na nke dị oke ọnụ, gụnyere aniline (Ca #62-53-3), N-

Methylaniline (CAS#100-61-8), o-methylaniline (CAS#95-53-4),

P-methylaniline (CAS#106-49-0), m-methylaniline (CAS#188-44-)

1) na N, n-dimethylaniline (CAS#121-69-7), ọkọlọtọ dị n'ime bụ phenylene

Ketone (CASA #96-86-2).

5. Ụzọ nnwale

5.1 Ịtọ ntọala nke usoro ọkọlọtọ

5.1.1 Nkwadebe nke ihe ngwọta ọkọlọtọ: Ihe niile a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ isooctane (ọ dị ọcha n'ụdị chromatographic)

Ngwunye mmiri, nke e ji ihe aniline isii hazie n'otu n'otu, n'ime 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%,

Maka ihe nlele ọkọlọtọ dị na ọkwa 1.5% na 2%, lee Tebụl 1 maka ozi zuru ezu gbasara ntinye uche.

Tebụl 1. Tebụl ntụnye uche nke ihe atụ ọkọlọtọ

5.1.2E nyochachara ihe atụ ndị a dịka usoro GC si dị na Tebụl 2.

Tebụl nke 2. Usoro GC

5.1.3 Ogo: Ihe mejupụtara ya bụ àgwà dịka oge nchekwa nke ihe ọ bụla si dị, a na-egosikwa chromatogram nke ihe nlele ọkọlọtọ nke ụdị a na-ahụkarị (ọkwa ntinye 0.1%) na Foto 1.

Foto 1. Chromatogram nke ihe nlele ọkọlọtọ nkịtị

5.1.4 Mepụta usoro nhazi. Dezie usoro nhazi na usoro nhazi data na ngwanrọ Chameleon, ụdị nhazi ahụ bụ ahịrị (anaghị amanye ya n'elu mmalite), ụdị nyocha ahụ bụ mpaghara elu, ọkọlọtọ dị n'ime ya na-agbanwe agbanwe. E gosipụtara usoro nhazi nhazi na njikọ linear nke akụkụ ọ bụla na Tebụl 3, egosiri usoro nhazi nke akụkụ ọ bụla na Foto 2-7.

Tebụl 3. Data usoro nhazi

5.1.5 Ngụkọta Nsonaazụ: A gbakọọ oke nke mpaghara elu nke ihe ọ bụla na mpaghara elu nke acetophenone. A na-agụpụta oke olu nke ihe ọ bụla kwekọrọ na oke ahụ site na usoro nhazi kwesịrị ekwesị, nsonaazụ ya ziri ezi ruo 0.01%.

6. Nsonazụ na mkparịta ụka

6.1 Usoro ọkọlọtọ: A na-eji ngwaahịa ọkọlọtọ isii guzobe usoro ọkọlọtọ, oke ntinye olu sitere na 0.01% ruo 2.0%, ebe usoro njikọ R2 karịrị 0.999, n'otu n'otu (lee Tebụl 3 maka nkọwa zuru ezu).

6.2 Nkwenye na nhazi usoro: Ma e jiri ya tụnyere usoro mgbanwe Deans, usoro otu kọlụm ewebatara n'akwụkwọ a nwere uru dị na ọnụ ala dị ala, ọrụ dị mfe na mmụba dị elu. Agbanyeghị, ụfọdụ ihe dị na matriks gasoline nwere ike imetụta ihe mejupụtara aniline.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, dịka usoro akọwara n'akwụkwọ a si dị, mgbe a na-anwale ihe nlele matriks gasoline efu, a chọpụtara na mgbe a tụlechara ya na chromatogram nke ihe nlele ọkọlọtọ, enwere oke dị ihe dị ka nkeji 0.04 (obosara elu nke elu bụ nkeji 0.07) site na ihe mejupụtara aniline nke ngwaahịa ọkọlọtọ, nke na-egbochi nyocha nke aniline. (lee Foto 2)

3

FIG. 2. Ntụnyere n'etiti spectra ngwọta ọkọlọtọ aniline na spectra gasoline matrix efu

Iji gosi na ihe a abụghị aniline, ma wepụ ihe mgbochi na nhazi aniline. Usoro dị na akwụkwọ a ka mma, usoro mmụba okpomọkụ mmemme ahụ dịkwa.

Nkọwa DB37/T-2650 nke 5℃ /min gbanwere gaa na 4℃ /min. E jiri usoro a nyochaa ihe nlele matriks mmanụ ụgbọala nwere ihe nlele ọkọlọtọ agbakwunyere. Dịka a pụrụ ịhụ site na FIG. 3,

Usoro kachasị mma nwere ike ikewapụ ihe a na aniline na matriks mmanụ, ma gosikwa na enwere ike nweta ihe nlele mmanụ site na usoro DB37/T-2650.

Oke kachasị elu nke nkeji 21.905 abụghị aniline. A chọpụtara na otu nnyonye anya ahụ bụ naphthalene site na qualitative mass spectrometry na ntụnyere ọkọlọtọ.

FIG. 3. Ntụnyere nke spectra nke ihe nlele mmanụ, ihe nlele aniline na matrix gasoline (usoro kachasị mma)

6.2 Nnwale ọsọ mgbake na nkenke: E mere nnwale ọsọ mgbake ọkọlọtọ site na iji matriks gasoline efu, e mekwara ọnụego mgbake ọkọlọtọ yana ọkwa mgbakwunye nke 100ppm (n=5). E gosiri nsonaazụ ya na Tebụl 4.

Tebụl 4. Nsonaazụ ule ugboro ugboro na ọnụego mgbake

7.mmechi

Nnwale a na-ezo aka na ọkọlọtọ mpaghara DB37/T-2650 nke Shandong Province, ma na-eji ihe nchọpụta FID achọpụta ihe mejupụtara aniline na petrol. Usoro a dị mfe ma nsonaazụ ya bụ nke a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi. Ọ bụ ezie na enwere ike iji nnyonye anya na nyocha ahụ n'ezie, enwere ike izere nnyonye anya nke naphthalene na ụfọdụ ihe ndị na-emepụta petrol na nyocha aniline site na imeziwanye ọnọdụ ndị ahụ.

Ntụaka:

［1］Zhong Shaofang, WEN Huan na ndị ọzọ. Nchọpụta nke Methylaniline Mgbakwunye na Mmanụ ụgbọala site na Gas Chromatography [J]. Spectrum Laboratory, 2012, Mpịakọta 29, Mbipụta 6, 3564-3567.

［2］Zhang Maolin, LI Baoding, ZHANG Yufa. Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara mkpebi nke N-methylaniline site na Spectrophotometry [J]. Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Mahadum Zhengzhou Grain, 2000, 21(2): 86-88.

［3］Liu Baomin, LIU Minghong, XU Hong na ndị ọzọ. Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara mkpebi nke aniline, N-methylaniline na N, N-dimethylaniline n'ikuku site na chromatography mmiri mmiri dị elu [J]. Akwụkwọ akụkọ China nke Nnyocha Ahụike, 2009, 19(8): 1804-1807.

［4］Yang Yongtan, Wu Ming-qing, WANG Zheng. Nkesa nke ihe ndị nwere nitrogen na gasoline catalytic site na gas chromatography-Nitrogen chemiluminescence detection [J]. Chromatography,2010, 28(4): 336 — 340

DB37/T-2650, Nchọpụta nke ihe ndị mejupụtara aniline na mmanụ ụgbọala site na chromatography gas