A makwaara ya dị ka dimethyl tiphenylamine, mmiri mmanụ na-enweghị agba ruo odo odo dị nro, nwere isi na-esi ísì ụtọ, dị mfe ịgbaze n'ikuku ma ọ bụ n'okpuru anyanwụ ma jiri ze gbara ọchịchịrị. Njupụta dị n'etiti (20)℃/ 4℃) 0.9555, ebe oyi na-atụ 2.0℃, isi ihe na-esi ísì 193℃, ebe a na-emeghe ọkụ (mmepe) 77℃, ebe ọkụ 317℃, viscosity (25)℃) 1.528mpa-s, ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe (n20D) 1.5584. Na-agbaze na ethanol, ether, chloroform, benzene na ihe ndị ọzọ na-agbaze na organic. Na-agbaze na ọtụtụ ihe ndị dị na organic. Na-agbaze ntakịrị na mmiri. Ọ na-agbazeọ ga-adị ike ma ọ bụrụ na ọkụ emeghee. Uzuoku na ikuku ga-emepụta ngwakọta mgbawa nke nwere oke mgbawa nke 1.2% ~ 7.0% (vol). Ọ na-egbu egbu nke ukwuu, a na-ewepụtakwa gas aniline na-egbu egbu site na ire ọkụ dị elu. Enwere ike ịmịnye ya n'akpụkpọ ahụ ma kpatara nsi, LD501410mg/kg, oke ikuku a na-anabata bụ 5mg/m3.

Usoro nchekwa

1. Ihe Ịkpachara Anya Banyere Nchekwa[25] Debe n'ụlọ nkwakọba ihe dị jụụ ma nwee ikuku dị mma. Debe ya ebe ọkụ na ebe okpomọkụ na-adịghị. Debe akpa ahụ n'ime mkpuchi. A ga-echekwa ya iche na asịd, halogen, na kemịkalụ a na-eri eri, a gaghịkwa agwakọta ya. E nwere ụdị na ọnụọgụ ngwa ọrụ ọkụ kwekọrọ na ya. Ebe nchekwa ahụ kwesịrị inwe ngwa ọgwụgwọ mberede maka mmiri na ihe ndị kwesịrị ekwesị maka ebe nchekwa.

2. Jiri ihe mkpuchi ígwè nke e ji drum mechie, nke ruru kilogram 180 kwa drum, ma debe ya n'ebe dị jụụ ma ikuku na-abata. Debe ma bufee ya dịka iwu si dị maka ihe ndị na-ere ọkụ ma na-egbu egbu.

usoro mmepụta

1. A na-enweta ya site na mmeghachi omume dị n'etiti aniline na methanol n'ihu sulfuric acid n'oge okpomọkụ dị elu na nrụgide dị elu. Usoro nhazi: 1. A na-etinye 790kg nke aniline, 625kg nke methanol, 85kg nke sulfuric acid (ammonium 100%) n'ime ketulu mmeghachi omume, okpomọkụ njikwa 210-215℃, nrụgide 3.1MPa, meghachi omume maka awa 4, wee hapụ nrụgide ahụ, a na-ahapụ ihe ahụ na ihe nkesa ahụ, na-eme ka ọ dị nro site na 30% sodium hydroxide, na-agbanwe agbanwe, wee kewaa nnu ammonium nke dị ala na quaternary. Mgbe ahụ na 160℃, 0.7-Mmeghachi omume hydrolysis 0.9MPa ruo awa 3, ngwaahịa hydrolysis na oyi akwa elu nke ihe ndị nwere mmanụ jikọtara site na ịsacha mgbe emechara nhicha vacuum.

2. Site na iji methanol na aniline dị ka ihe eji arụ ọrụ, alumina catalyst na-emepụta ya n'okpuru ọnọdụ nke 200-250.℃na oke methanol na nrụgide ikuku. Oke oriri akụrụngwa: aniline 790kg/t, methanol 625kg/t, sulfuric acid 85kg/tNkwadebe ụlọ nyocha nwere ike imeghachi aniline na trimethyl phosphate.

3. aniline na methanol agwakọtara (n aniline: n methanol≈1:3), site na mgbapụta nhagharị nke na-abụghị nke pulse nke a gbara na ọsọ ikuku 0.5h-1 n'ime reactor nke nwere ihe na-akpali akpali, mmeghachi omume ahụ na-apụta na mbụ n'ime ihe nkesa gas-mmiri iko, sewepụrụ ihe eparator n'okpuru mmiri mmiri anakọtara n'oge dị iche iche maka nyocha chromatographic.

Na 2001, Mahadum Nankai na Tianjin Ruikai Technology Development Co., Ltd. jikọrọ aka mepụta ihe na-akpali methylation aniline dị irè nke ukwuu, wee mezuo mmepụta gas nke N,N-dimethyl aniline. Usoro a bụ otu a: A na-agwakọta aniline mmiri mmiri na methanol, gbanye ya n'ime ụlọ elu vaporization, wee banye n'ime ihe na-akpali ventila nke nwere ọsọ ikuku nke 0.5-1.0h-1 (akwa edobere nke ihe na-akpali ventila nke tubular nwere ihe na-akpali ventila nano siri ike), ma na-emepụta ya mgbe niile na 250-300.℃undenrụgide ikuku, yana mmepụta DMA karịrị 96%.

Usoro Nrụpụta: Ọ na-enwekarị ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha dịka aniline na N-methyl aniline. A na-agbaze N,N-dimethylaniline na 40% sulfuric acid ma jiri mmiri kpụọ ya. A na-agbakwunye sodium hydroxide iji mee ka ọ bụrụ alkaline. A na-aga n'ihu na mmiri kpụọ ya. A na-ekewa distillate ahụ n'ime akwa mmiri ma jiri potassium hydroxide kpoo ya. A na-eme nrụpụta nrụgide nkịtị n'ihu acetic anhydride. A na-asa distillate ahụ na mmiri iji wepụ ihe ndị dị na acetic anhydride, jiri potassium hydroxide kpoo ya, wee jiri barium oxide kpoo ya, ma tinye ya n'okpuru nrụgide dị ala n'ihu mmiri nitrogen. Ụzọ ndị ọzọ e si eme ka distillate ahụ dị nro gụnyere itinye 10% acetic anhydride na refluxing ruo awa ole na ole iji wepụ amine mbụ na nke abụọ. Mgbe ọ jụrụ oyi, a na-agbakwunye ma wepụta ihe karịrị 20% hydrochloric acid na ether. A na-eji hydrochloric acid oyi akwa alkaline na alkali wee wepụta ya na ether, a na-ejikwa potassium hydroxide kpoo oyi akwa ether ma tinye ya n'okpuru nrụgide dị ala n'okpuru iyi nitrogen. A pụkwara ịtụgharị N,N-dimethylaniline ka ọ bụrụ nnu picric acid, mee ka ọ gbazee ọzọ ruo ebe ọ na-agbaze mgbe niile, wee jiri mmiri ọkụ nke sodium hydroxide dị 10% nke sodium hydroxide mee ya. A na-ewepụ ya na ether, saa ya ma kpọọ ya nkụ, ma gbazee ya n'okpuru nrụgide dị ala.

5. Aniline, methanol na sulfuric acid agwakọtara n'ogo, mmeghachi omume condensation na autoclave, ngwaahịa mmeghachi omume site na mgbake nrụgide nke methanol, tinye neutralization alkali, nkewa na wee distillation site na mbelata nrụgide iji nweta ngwaahịa ahụ.

6. Enwere ike ịmepụta N, N-dimethylaniline site na mmeghachi omume methylation nke aniline na trimethyl phosphate, wee wepụta ya site na ether, kpọọ nkụ ma gbazee ya.

7. Enwere ike iji N,N-dimethylaniline mee ihe n'elu ihe mkpuchi nke Ziegler catalyst na sistemụ copper-manganese ma ọ bụ sistemụ copper-zinc-chromium na 280℃na ngwakọta nke aniline na methanol na oke nke 1:3.5. E chịkọtara N,N-dimethylaniline enwetara na 193-195℃na ngwaọrụ distillation kọlụm nke nwere taabụ 54 ma tinye ya n'ime karama iko aja aja. Maka nkwadebe nke N, N-dimethylaniline dị ọcha, enwere ike itinye N, N-dimethylaniline na gas nitrogen dị ka gas na-ebuga n'ime nkwadebe gas chromatograph nkech nwere kọlụm phosphate ígwè.

Ngwa bụ isi

1. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị bụ isi e ji emepụta agba e ji nnu mee (triphenylmethane dyestuff, wdg.) na agba alkali. 2. A na-eji ya dị ka ihe mgbaze, ihe nchekwa ígwè, ihe na-agwọ ọrịa maka epoxy resin, ihe na-agwọ ọrịa ngwa ngwa maka resin polyester, ihe na-akpali akpali maka polymerization nke ethylene compounds, wdg. A na-ejikwa ya maka nkwadebe agba alkaline triphenylmethane, agba azo na vanillin, wdg. 3. A na-ejikwa ya na nkwadebe agba alkaline triphenylmethane, agba azo na vanillin, wdg. 3. A na-ejikwa ya dị ka ihe na-akpali ọrịa na mmepụta ụfụfụ polyurethane na mmekorita ya na ngwakọta organotin. A na-ejikwa ya dị ka ihe na-akpali ọrịa na imepụta ụfụfụ polyurethane na dị ka ihe eji emepụta ihe maka nkwalite vulcanization roba, ihe mgbawa na ọgwụ. A na-eji N,N-Dimethylaniline eme ihe n'ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ iji mepụta cephalosporin V, sulfamethoxine N-methoxypyrimidine, sulfamethoxine o-dimethoxypyrimidine, fluorosporine, wdg. A na-ejikwa ya eme ihe n'ụlọ ọrụ ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ iji mepụta vanillin. 4. A na-eji ya eme ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka ọ dị ngwa ngwa maka epoxy resin, polyester resin na anaerobic gluu, ka gluu anaerobic wee sie ike ngwa ngwa. A pụkwara iji ya dị ka ihe mgbaze, ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ya dị ka ihe na-akpata polymerization nke ethylene compounds, ihe nchekwa ígwè, ihe na-amịkọrọ ultraviolet maka ihe ịchọ mma, ihe na-eme ka fotosensitizing dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali, ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ya dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali maka imepụta ihe na-esi ísì alkaline, ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ya dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali, ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ya dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali maka imepụta ihe na-esi ísì alkaline, ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ya dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali, ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ya dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali maka imepụta ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ ... na-esi ísì ụtọ (vanillin), wdg. A na-ejikwa ya dị ka ihe eji emepụta ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ alkaline, ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ya dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali maka imepụta ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ, ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ya dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali maka imepụta ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ na-esi ísì ụtọ, ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ya dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali maka imepụta ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ na-esi ísì ụtọ (vanillin), wdg. A na-ejikwa ya dị ka ihe eji emepụta ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ na-esi ísì ụtọ na-esi ísì ụtọ (vanillin), wdg. A na-ejikwa ya dị ka ihe eji emepụta ihe na- A na-ejikwa ya dị ka ihe mgbaze, a na-ejikwa ya eme ihe na njikọ organic.6. A na-eji ya dị ka ihe na-agba agba, ihe mgbaze, ihe na-eme ka ihe kwụsie ike, ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme nyocha. [26]