N,N-Dimethylformamide CAS 68-12-2
Okwu mmeghe ngwaahịa
A na-akpọ Dimethylformamide DMF. Ọ bụ ngwakọta ebe a na-eji otu dimethylamino dochie otu hydroxyl nke formic acid, yana usoro molekul HCON(CH3)2. Ọ bụ mmiri mmiri na-esi isi nke na-enweghị agba na nke na-apụta ìhè nke nwere isi amine dị nro na njupụta dị ka 0.9445 (25℃). Ebe ịgbaze -61℃. Ebe esi esi 152.8℃. Ebe ọkụ 57.78℃. Njupụta uzuoku 2.51. Nrụgide uzuoku 0.49kpa (3.7mmHg25℃). Ebe ọkụ na-akpaghị aka bụ 445℃. Oke mgbawa nke ngwakọta uzuoku na ikuku bụ 2.2~15.2%. Ikpughe ọkụ na-emeghe na okpomọkụ dị elu nwere ike ibute ọkụ na mgbawa. Ọ nwere ike imeghachi omume ike na acid sulfuric concentrated na nitric acid na-eku ọkụ ma ọbụna gbawaa. A na-agwakọta ya na mmiri na ọtụtụ ihe mgbaze organic. Ọ bụ ihe mgbaze a na-ahụkarị maka mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ. Dimethylformamide dị ọcha enweghị isi ọ bụla, mana ọkwa ụlọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ dimethylformamide mebiri emebi nwere isi azụ n'ihi na o nwere ihe adịghị ọcha dimethylamine. Aha ya sitere na eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ bụ ihe nnọchi dimethyl nke formamide (amide nke formic acid), otu methyl abụọ ahụ dịkwa na atọm N (nitrogen). Dimethylformamide bụ ihe mgbaze aprotic polar (hydrophilic) nke nwere ebe esi mmiri, nke nwere ike ịkwalite usoro mmeghachi omume SN2. A na-eme Dimethylformamide site na formic acid na dimethylamine. Dimethylformamide anaghị akwụsi ike (karịsịa n'oge okpomọkụ dị elu) n'ihu ntọala siri ike dị ka sodium hydroxide ma ọ bụ asịd siri ike dị ka hydrochloric acid ma ọ bụ sulfuric acid, ọ na-agbanwekwa ka ọ bụrụ formic acid na dimethylamine.
Ọ na-adịgide nke ọma n'ikuku ma mgbe ọ na-ekpo ọkụ ruo mgbe ọ ga-esi. Mgbe okpomọkụ dị elu karịa 350°C, ọ na-efunahụ mmiri ma na-emepụta carbon monoxide na dimethylamine. N,N-dimethylformamide bụ ezigbo ihe mgbaze aprotic polar nke nwere ike ịgbaze ọtụtụ ihe ndị dị ndụ na nke na-adịghị ahụkebe ma na-agwakọta ya na mmiri, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, esters, halogenated hydrocarbons na aromatic hydrocarbons. . Mkpụta methyl gbara akụkụ nke molekul N,N-dimethylformamide gburugburu, na-emepụta ihe mgbochi Chemicalbook nke na-egbochi ion na-adịghị mma ịbịaru nso ma na-ejikọta naanị ion dị mma. Anions efu na-arụ ọrụ karịa anions solvated. Ọtụtụ mmeghachi omume ionic dị mfe ime na N,N-dimethylformamide karịa na protic solvents n'ozuzu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, carboxylates na halogenated hydrocarbons na-emeghachi omume na N,N-dimethylformamide na okpomọkụ ụlọ. , nwere ike ịmepụta esters nwere nnukwu mkpụrụ, ọ dịkwa mma karịsịa maka njikọta nke esters ndị a na-egbochi sterically.
Ogige ngwa
Dimethylformamide bụ mmiri mmiri na-enweghị agba na nke na-apụta ìhè. Ọ bụghị naanị na ọ bụ kemịkalụ a na-eji eme ihe nke ọma, kamakwa ọ bụ ihe mgbaze dị mma nke nwere ọtụtụ ojiji. Dimethylformamide bụ ihe dị mkpa na ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ, kemịkalụ, akpụkpọ anụ na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ.
Nkọwa owuwu
N,N-Dimethylformamide
CAS 68-12-2
Nọmba CB: CB2854115
Usoro molekụla: C3H7NO
Ibu molekụla 73.09
Ebe agbaze: -61°C (ọkụ)
Mgbanwe kpọmkwem: 0.94º
Ebe esi mmiri: 153°C (ọkụ)
Njupụta: 0.944g/mL (ọkụ) V
Akwụkwọ Chemicalbook Njupụta nke ikuku: 2.5 (vsair)
Nrụgide uzuoku: 2.7mmHg (20°C) Ndepụta ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe: n20/D1.430 (ọkụ)
Ebe ọkụ: 136°
Nchekwa na njem
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Nchekwa: Debe n'ebe kpọrọ nkụ, gbara ọchịchịrị, ikuku na-abatakwa.
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